中考英语易错题(10)
湖北省宜昌市第五中学 葛 林
1. dress
[误]My father bought a new dress for himself yesterday.
[正]My father bought a new suit for himself yesterday.
[析]一般来讲男套装用suit, 女服则用dress; 作男服的服装店是tailor shop (tailor's), 而做女装的服装店是dressmaker's.
[误]The mother dressed the clothes on her child.
[正]The mother dressed her child.
[析]dress作及物动词当“穿衣服”讲时，其后不能接衣服而只能接人，如：The boy is still too young to dress himself. 但作为一种穿着打扮的状态时，则多用其过去分词作形容词，如：He is not dressed in his new suit.或She is dressed in red. 词组dress up是过节日时应服装整齐，如：They dressed up for the holiday.
dress, have on, put on, wear
要区别这几个动词需分清是表示动作的动词还是表示状态的动词。表示状态的动词是have on和wear, 如：He has on a white coat. He was wearing heavy shoes. 而put on则表示穿衣的动作，如：Put on your coat, it is cold outside.而dress既可以作状态又可以作动作，作动作讲时其后面接人而不能接衣服，作穿着状态时则多用dressed的形式。如：I saw a lady dressed in red. I saw a girl dressing herself.
2. drop
[误]The students fell their voice.
[正]The students dropped their voice.
[析]drop与fall都可以表示“落下、掉下”之意，有时可以互换，如：The dictionary fell (dropped) from the table. 但drop还可以作及物动词，而fall一般只能作不及物动词。
[误]I shall drop in you.
[正]I shall drop in on you.
[析]drop in是随便拜访某人，而其后要接人时应加介词on再加人称。
3. during
[误]During I was sick, I couldn't eat well.
[正]While I was sick, I couldn't eat well.
[析]during后不能接从句，而when和while后可接从句。
[误]I have been studying English during three days.
[正]I have been studying English for three days.
[析]during不能表达一个动作持续多长的时间，而只能表达在某段时间内某事件的发生。即带有由during引导的时间状语的句子只能用过去时，不能用完成时。
4. each
[误]Every of them has his habit.
[正]Each of them has his habit.
[析]each可以作形容词，但也可作代词，而every只能作形容词。
[误]The manager comes to America almost each month.
[正]The manager comes to America almost every month.
[析]each与every都作形容词讲时，都有“每个”之意，但有不同。each多指个体，而every则多指整体。如：We want every student to succeed. each不同来表达总体概念，所以不能与almost, nearly, likely等词连用。
[误]We each has a book.
[正]We each have a book.
[析]each 作同位语时，其数应与其同位的名词相同，而each作主语时则应取其单数形式。
each other, one another
each other与one another这两个词组的区别在很多。语法书中强调each other是两者之间，而one another是多者之间，其实不然，如：All students must care for each other, must love and help each other. 事实上这两个词组是同义的，如果要讲有什么区别的话，当我们非常笼统地谈，而不特指什么人时，多用one another.
5. early
[误]Could you come here more early?
[正]Could you come here earlier?
[析]单音节和少数双音节副词的比较级和最高级要用-er和-est来作其结尾，如fast, soon, early, hard, long, near等。
6. earth
[误]What on the earth do you mean?
[正]What on earth do you mean?
[析]on earth这一词组在句中为的是加强语气，其意为“究竟”、“到底”。而作为“地球”讲时则要加定冠词，如：How far is the earth from the moon. 而作为“泥土”讲时则为不可数名词，如：He filled the pot with earth and wanted to plant some flowers.
7. easy
[误]You can easy imagine my surprise.
[正]You can easily imagine my surprise.
[析]easy只在有限的词组中被用作副词，如take it easy(不要紧张)，go easy, stand easy等。例如：Easy come, easy go.(钱来得容易花得也快。)Easier said than done.(说的容易做着难。)
8. east
[误]Japan is on the east of China.
[正]Japan is to the east of China.
[析]在讲述地理位置时，有3个介词常用，它们是in, on和to, 其中in表示处于所表达的范围之内，如：Shanghai is in the east of China. on则表示双方接壤，如：North Korea is on the northeast of China. 而表示互不相接的两部分时则用to, 如：Taiwan is to the east of Fujian.
9. either
[误]--- I don't like opera.
--- I don't like too.
[正]--- I don't like opera.
--- I don't like either.
[析]在否定句中用either表示“也”，而在肯定句中用too表示“也”。
[误]Either you or I are right.
[正]Either you or I am right.
[析]这在语法书中被称作就近原则，即哪个主语离谓语动词近，则应采用与哪个主语相一致的谓语动词，相同用法的还有neither ... nor ...，not only ... but also ...，以及or在连接两个主语时。如：You or he is to go home. The others will have to stay in the classroom.
10. elder
[误]My older brother has gone to Shanghai.
[正]My elder brother has gone to Shanghai.
[析]在表示兄姐的长幼时应用elder表示“哥哥姐姐”，如：my elder sister 姐姐，但表示岁数时则多用older，如：She is two years older than I.
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